"[b], The etymology of Helen's name continues to be a problem for scholars. Other accounts have a treacherous Helen who simulated Bacchic rites and rejoiced in the carnage she caused. [39] On the other hand, Stesichorus said that Iphigenia was the daughter of Theseus and Helen, which obviously implies that Helen was of childbearing age. A curious fate is recounted by Pausanias the geographer (3.19.11–13), which has Helen share the afterlife with Achilles. Her mythological birthplace was Sparta of the Age of Heroes, which features prominently in the canon of Greek myth: in later ancient Greek memory, the Mycenaean Bronze Age became the age of the Greek heroes. Tyndareus was afraid to select a husband for his daughter, or send any of the suitors away, for fear of offending them and giving grounds for a quarrel. In the Cypria, Nemesis did not wish to mate with Zeus. Other painters of the same period depict Helen on the ramparts of Troy, and focus on her expression: her face is expressionless, blank, inscrutable. Tlepolemus was a son of Heracles and Astyoche. [89] The line, which is frequently quoted out of context,[89][91] is a paraphrase of a statement from Lucian's Dialogues of the Dead. However, Helen was sought by many suitors, who came from far and near, among them Paris who surpassed all the others and won the favor of Tyndareus and his sons. In contrast, on Athenian vases of c. 550–470, Menelaus threateningly points his sword at her. Her legs were the best; her mouth the cutest. [98] Helen reappears in the season three finale, "The Good, the Bad, and the Cuddly" as an Amazon warrior, who assists the Legends in defeating the demon Mallus's army. When it was time for Helen to marry, many kings and princes from around the world came to seek her hand, bringing rich gifts with them or sent emissaries to do so on their behalf. [76], The abduction by Paris was another popular motif in ancient Greek vase-painting; definitely more popular than the kidnapping by Theseus. [70], Pausanias also has another story (3.19.9–10): "The account of the Rhodians is different. [65], However, Helen's portraits in Troy seem to contradict each other. A cult associated with her developed in Hellenistic Laconia, both at Sparta and elsewhere; at Therapne she shared a shrine with Menelaus. Stesichorus narrates that both Greeks and Trojans gathered to stone her to death. Their meaningful positions and outstanding products elevate people’s lives everywhere, every day. She was also worshiped in Attica and on Rhodes. As you can see, Helen of Troy has been imagined in many different ways throughout history. When considering the many Greek and Roman myths that surround Helen, from her childhood to her life after the Trojan War, a layered and fascinating woman emerges. All trademarks herein belong to Helen of Troy Limited (or its affiliates) and/or are used under license from their respective licensors.    of ships, is the most beautiful thing on the dark earth Lithographic illustration by Walter Crane, Before the opening of hostilities, the Greeks dispatched a delegation to the Trojans under Odysseus and Menelaus; they endeavored without success to persuade Priam to hand Helen back. Helen is also conjured by Faust in Goethe's Faust. Helen's abduction caused an invasion of Athens by Castor and Pollux, who captured Aethra in revenge, and returned their sister to Sparta. Maestro of Mise-en-Scène", "Did the Helen of the Homeric Odyssey ever go to Troy? She was voiced by Jodi Benson. Helen of Troy Summary. Responsibilities and Other Poems", "Helen of Troy Does Countertop Dancing by Margaret Atwood", "Legends of Tomorrow Spoilers: "Helen Hunt, Medieval and Classical Literature Library. In Aeneid, Aeneas meets the mutilated Deiphobus in Hades; his wounds serve as a testimony to his ignominious end, abetted by Helen's final act of treachery. [25] The First Vatican Mythographer introduces the notion that two eggs came from the union: one containing Castor and Pollux; one with Helen and Clytemnestra. Ultimately, Paris was killed in action, and in Homer's account Helen was reunited with Menelaus, though other versions of the legend recount her ascending to Olympus instead. In the 1998 TV series Hercules, Helen appears as a supporting character at Prometheus Academy as a student. The obligations of the oath precipitated the Trojan War. Swayed by Aphrodite's offer, Paris chose her as the most beautiful of the goddesses, earning the wrath of Athena and Hera. Zeushad taken the form of a swan and caused an eagle to chase him through the air; the god eventually sought shelter in the arms of No Second Troy. Elements of her putative biography come from classical authors such as Aristophanes, Cicero, Euripides, and Homer (in both the Iliad and the Odyssey). [20] Her name first appears in the poems of Homer but scholars assume that such myths derive from earlier Mycenaean Greek sources. In Greek mythology, Helen of Troy, Helen, Helena, , also known as beautiful Helen, Helen of Argos, or Helen of Sparta, was said to have been the most beautiful woman in the world. [26] Fabius Planciades Fulgentius also states that Helen, Castor and Pollux are born from the same egg. [31] Later sources state either that it was brought to Leda by a shepherd who discovered it in a grove in Attica, or that it was dropped into her lap by Hermes. [86] Martin P. Nilsson has argued that the cult in Rhodes has its roots to the Minoan, pre-Greek era, when Helen was allegedly worshiped as a vegetation goddess. [45] Helen and Menelaus became rulers of Sparta, after Tyndareus and Leda abdicated. Bettany Hughes is an historian, broadcaster, and author of Helen of Troy, Goddess, Princess, Whore (Pimlico 2013). El Juicio de Paris by Enrique Simonet, c. 1904. [91] He dedicates his autobiography Diary of a Genius to "my genius Gala Gradiva, Helen of Troy, Saint Helen, Gala Galatea Placida."[91]. Dio Chrysostom gives a completely different account of the story, questioning Homer's credibility: after Agamemnon had married Helen's sister, Clytemnestra, Tyndareus sought Helen's hand for Menelaus for political reasons. During the fall of Troy, Helen's role is ambiguous. But Helen’s character is more complex than it seems. that could feel the indignation of his fellows and their many revilings. [53], Herodotus adds weight to the "Egyptian" version of events by putting forward his own evidence—he traveled to Egypt and interviewed the priests of the temple (Foreign Aphrodite, ξείνη Ἀφροδίτη) at Memphis. Listen to Helen of Troy's Culture Transformation Journey on this page, or click, Required unconscious bias training for all associates, Creation of a new company-wide diversity, equity and inclusion leadership position, New multi-year programs related to recruiting, monetary donations, and volunteerism. [41], Ovid's Heroides give us an idea of how ancient and, in particular, Roman authors imagined Helen in her youth: she is presented as a young princess wrestling naked in the palaestra, alluding to a part of girls' physical education in classical (not Mycenaean) Sparta. Full easy it is to make this understood of one and all: for "Dioscuric Elements in Celtic and Germanic Mythology". [91] In Hellenistic times, she was associated with the moon[91] due to the similarity of her name to the Greek word Σελήνη (Selēnē), meaning "Moon, goddess of the moon". The legends of Helen during her time in Troy are contradictory: Homer depicts her ambivalently, both regretful of her choice and sly in her attempts to redeem her public image. The Abduction of Helen, painting by Girolamo Genga, circa 1510 (Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg). from Marlowe's Faustus, Isaac Asimov jocularly coined the unit "millihelen" to mean the amount of beauty that can launch one ship. [78], In Renaissance painting, Helen's departure from Sparta is usually depicted as a scene of forcible removal (rape) by Paris. For the play, see. Another ancient tradition, told by Stesichorus, tells of how "not she, but her wraith only, had passed to Troy, while she was borne by the Gods to the land of Egypt, and there remained until the day when her lord [Menelaus], turning aside on the homeward voyage, should find her there."[7]. In Egypt after the Trojan War, Menelaus is allowed to choose between the real, disappointing Helen and an ideal Helen conjured by Egyptian magicians. [87] Claude Calame and other scholars try to analyze the affinity between the cults of Helen and Artemis Orthia, pointing out the resemblance of the terracotta female figurines offered to both deities.[88]. "THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ANCESTRY AND EASTERN ORIGINS OF HELEN OF SPARTA". "Helen of Sparta" redirects here. In this adaptation, as in the 2003 television version, she is unhappily married to Menelaus and willingly leaves with Paris, whom she loves. In Greek mythology, Helen of Troy,[1][2][3] Helen,[4] Helena,[5] (Ancient Greek: Ἑλένη Helénē, pronounced [helénɛː]), also known as beautiful Helen, Helen of Argos, or Helen of Sparta,[6] was said to have been the most beautiful woman in the world. According to these priests, Helen had arrived in Egypt shortly after leaving Sparta, because strong winds had blown Paris's ship off course. At Helen of Troy, we promise to treat your data with respect and will not share your information with any third party. O'Brien, Steven. This resulted in the Trojan War when the Achaeans set out to reclaim her. In Pre-Raphaelite art, Helen is often shown with shining curly hair and ringlets. Thus, Helen waited in Memphis for ten years, while the Greeks and the Trojans fought. After the suitors had sworn not to retaliate, Menelaus was chosen to be Helen's husband. For Polyxo, they say, was an Argive by descent, and when she was already married to Tlepolemus, shared his flight to Rhodes. Again we see Helen aiding the Trojans, making her true allegiance at this time hard to determine. In the Florentine Picture Chronicle Paris and Helen are shown departing arm in arm, while their marriage was depicted into Franco-Flemish tapestry.[79]. In order to earn his favour, Aphrodite promised Paris the most beautiful woman in the world. The English Pre-Raphaelite painter Evelyn de Morgan portrayed a sexually assertive Helen in her 1898 painting Helen of Troy. Hera and Athena watch nearby. She is a princess as in the myth but is not a half-sister of Hercules in the series. [a] Christopher Marlowe's lines from his tragedy Doctor Faustus (1604) are frequently cited: "Was this the face that launched a thousand ships / And burnt the topless towers of Ilium? At least three Ancient Greek authors denied that Helen ever went to Troy; instead, they suggested, Helen stayed in Egypt during the duration of the Trojan War. ©document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) Helen of Troy. Émile Boisacq considered Ἑλένη to derive from the well-known noun ἑλένη meaning "torch". Our diversified portfolio of well-recognized and widely trusted brands provide our customers with outstanding products that elevate people’s lives everywhere, every day. In 1881, Oscar Wilde published a poem entitled "The New Helen",[91] in which he declared his friend Lillie Langtry to be the reincarnation of Helen of Troy. Greek amphora vase depicting Helen leaving Troy, 6 th century BC, via Walters Art Museum. In Virgil's Aeneid, Deiphobus gives an account of Helen's treacherous stance: when the Trojan Horse was admitted into the city, she feigned Bacchic rites, leading a chorus of Trojan women, and, holding a torch among them, she signaled to the Greeks from the city's central tower.    her daughter and dear parents. Helen’s role in the Trojan War went beyond than just causing the conflict in the beginning. Initially she was abducted by the hero Theseus, who left her in the protection of his mother [34], Pausanias states that in the middle of the 2nd century AD, the remains of an egg-shell, tied up in ribbons, were still suspended from the roof of a temple on the Spartan acropolis. Eidolon is also present in Stesichorus' account, but not in Herodotus' rationalizing version of the myth. In Euripides's tragedy The Trojan Women, Helen is shunned by the women who survived the war and is to be taken back to Greece to face a death sentence. There was a beauty-mark between her eyebrows. In a famous representation by the Athenian vase painter Makron, Helen follows Paris like a bride following a bridegroom, her wrist grasped by Paris' hand. Clytemnestra tries to warn Agamemnon that sacrificing Iphigenia for Helen's sake is, "buying what we most detest with what we hold most dear".[55][56]. Helen of Troy, in Greek legend, the most beautiful woman of Greece. In the form of a swan, the king of gods was chased by an eagle, and sought refuge with Leda. However, there were no intentions to send her back to her husband. Although Helen is sometimes depicted as being raped by Paris, Ancient Greek sources are often elliptical and contradictory. [...] Een aangrijpend verhaal over een heldhaftige oorlog om de liefde van de mooiste vrouw ter wereld. You can unsubscribe to any of the investor alerts you are subscribed to by visiting the ‘unsubscribe’ section below. She lands a job as an actress and unintentionally starts a war between two film studios. [85], Helen was also worshiped in Attica along with her brothers, and on Rhodes as Helen Dendritis (Helen of the Trees, Έλένα Δενδρῖτις); she was a vegetation or a fertility goddess. He had demanded that only he should slay his unfaithful wife; but, when he was ready to do so, she dropped her robe from her shoulders, and the sight of her beauty caused him to let the sword drop from his hand. [91] During the Renaissance, the French poet Pierre de Ronsard wrote 142 sonnets addressed to a woman named Hélène de Surgères,[91] in which he declared her to be the "true", French Helen, rather than the "lie" of the Greeks.[91]. Helen tries her best to keep Adonis from behaving stupidly, but mostly fails. Helen Of Troy. This is not, however, the case with certain secular medieval illustrations. [14], Others have connected the name's etymology to a hypothetical Proto-Indo-European sun goddess, noting the name's connection to the word for "sun" in various Indo-European cultures. [97], In the Legends of Tomorrow episode "Helen Hunt", Helen is portrayed by Israeli-American model and actress Bar Paly. Company. Helen of Troy is een film uit 1956 onder regie van Robert Wise. Deserted, and went sailing to Troy, with never a thought for Look it up now! Helen of Troy strongly condemns racism, discrimination, hatred, violence, and the loss of lives. Pop singer-songwriter Al Stewart released a song called Helen and Cassandra on the reissue of his 1988 album Last Days of the Century. All of her suitors were required to swear an oath (known as the Oath of Tyndareus) promising to provide military assistance to the winning suitor, if Helen were ever stolen from him. The Trojan War, caused by Helen's elopement with Paris, is going to be his means to this end.[46]. People believed that this was "the famous egg that legend says Leda brought forth". Pausanias traveled to Sparta to visit the sanctuary, dedicated to Hilaeira and Phoebe, in order to see the relic for himself. Helen of Troy has a PEG ratio of 1.42, which is modestly above the fair-value mark of 1.00. She regretfully goes along telling the team she wishes to stay away. Hades pretended to offer them hospitality and set a feast, but, as soon as the pair sat down, snakes coiled around their feet and held them there. The fall of Troy came to represent a fall from an illustrious heroic age, remembered for centuries in oral tradition before being written down. In Euripides Iphigenia in Aulis, Clytemnestra, Iphigenia's mother and Helen's sister, begs her husband to reconsider his decision, calling Helen a "wicked woman". [91], In 1928, Richard Strauss wrote the German opera Die ägyptische Helena (The Egyptian Helena), which is the story of Helen and Menelaus's troubles when they are marooned on a mythical island.[94]. According to another version, used by Euripides in his play Orestes, Helen had been saved by Apollo from Orestes[69] and was taken up to Mount Olympus almost immediately after Menelaus' return. Helen later fled to Troy with Paris, son of the Trojan king Priam, an act that ultimately led to the Trojan War. During the contest, Castor and Pollux had a prominent role in dealing with the suitors, although the final decision was in the hands of Tyndareus. De film vertelt het verhaal van de Trojaanse Oorlog. Troy ziet er in bijna alle opzichten beter uit, maar het verhaal is bagger vergeleken met Helen of Troy. When Hector dies, she is the third mourner at his funeral, and she says that, of all the Trojans, Hector and Priam alone were always kind to her:[59][60], Wherefore I wail alike for thee and for my hapless self with grief at heart; In Greek mythology, Helen of Troy was the most beautiful woman in the world. Letters will be carved in the bark, so that someone passing by Zeus also transformed himself into a goose and raped Nemesis, who produced an egg from which Helen was born. Paris, a Trojan prince, came to Sparta to claim Helen, in the guise of a supposed diplomatic mission. Georg Curtius related Helen (Ἑλένη) to the moon (Selene; Σελήνη). [80] In Gustave Moreau's painting, Helen will finally become faceless; a blank eidolon in the middle of Troy's ruins. The most complete accounts of this narrative are given by Apollodorus, Diodorus 4.63.1–3, and Plutarch. [93] The anthology The Dark Tower by C. S. Lewis includes a fragment entitled "After Ten Years". Those three authors are Euripides, Stesichorus, and Herodotus. In the DC Comics, Helen of Spartawas the daughter of Leda and Zeus, and considered the most beautiful woman in the world. "Panorama with the Abduction of Helen Amidst the Wonders of the Ancient World", "Lights! The kings, queens, and heroes of the Trojan Cycle are often related to the gods, since divine origins gave stature to the Greeks' heroic ancestors. She nursed him and the two fell in love. [84] There is also evidence for Helen's cult in Hellenistic Sparta: rules for those sacrificing and holding feasts in their honor are extant. Theseus and Pirithous then traveled to the underworld, the domain of Hades, to kidnap Persephone. She was married to King Menelaus of Sparta "who became by her the father of Hermione, and, according to others, of Nicostratus also. Helen and Paris married, and she became Helen of Troy. If you experience any issues with this process, please contact us for further assistance. Thus he won her fairly and took her away to Troia, with the full consent of her natural protectors. [53] This statement may mean Hesiod stated this in a literary work or that the idea was widely known/circulated in early archaic Greece during the time of Hesiod and was consequently attributed to him. After analyzing historical records of her impact on history, Zari Tomaz finds the best time to take her away from the fighting of her time and takes her to Themyscira. [66] When Menelaus finally found her, he raised his sword to kill her. The Iliad describes the conflicts between Achilles and his leader, Agamemnon, and between Greeks and Trojans, following the abduction of Agamemnon's sister-in-law, Helen of Sparta (aka Helen of Troy), by the Trojan prince Paris.Helen's precise role in the abduction is unknown since the event is a matter of legend rather than historical fact and has been variously interpreted in literature. Verhaal. Helen of Troy. The Greek fleet gathered in Aulis, but the ships could not sail for lack of wind. This is not the case, however, in Laconic art: on an Archaic stele depicting Helen's recovery after the fall of Troy, Menelaus is armed with a sword but Helen faces him boldly, looking directly into his eyes; and in other works of Peloponnesian art, Helen is shown carrying a wreath, while Menelaus holds his sword aloft vertically. After Paris was killed in combat, there was some dispute among the Trojans about which of Priam's surviving sons she should remarry: Helenus or Deiphobus, but she was given to the latter. Nicostratus was a son of Menelaus by his concubine Pieris, an Aetolian slave. Her beauty inspired artists of all times to represent her, frequently as the personification of ideal human beauty. [91] Virgil, in his Aeneid, makes Aeneas the one to spare Helen's life, rather than Menelaus,[91] and instead portrays the act as a lofty example of self-control. They say that this Polyxo desired to avenge the death of Tlepolemus on Helen, now that she had her in her power. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). Helen of Troy is a minor character in the opera Mefistofele by Arrigo Boito, which received its premiere in Milan in 1868. 16. “The Procession of the Trojan Horse into Troy” by Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo (1773). [22] Modern findings suggest the area around Menelaion in the southern part of the Eurotas valley seems to have been the center of Mycenaean Laconia. Cut! [91] She is one of the eponymous women the tragedy The Trojan Women produced in 415 BC by the Greek playwright Euripides. See an analysis of the poem by Gumpert, Ancient writers do not agree on whether the embassy was dispatched before the gathering of the Greek army in Aulis or after it reached. As we reaffirm our commitment to positive change by making the implicit much more explicit, we celebrate all races, ethnicities, cultures, sexual orientation, and gender identities. [64], After the deaths of Hector and Paris, Helen became the paramour of their younger brother, Deiphobus; but when the sack of Troy began, she hid her new husband's sword, and left him to the mercy of Menelaus and Odysseus. Helen appears in various versions of the Faust myth, including Christopher Marlowe's 1604 play The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, in which Faustus famously marvels, "Was this the face that launched a thousand ships / And burnt the topless towers of Ilium?" Jacob M. Appel's 2008 play, Helen of Sparta, retells Homer's Iliad from Helen's point of view. (Act V, Scene I.) [23], In most sources, including the Iliad and the Odyssey, Helen is the daughter of Zeus and of Leda, the wife of the Spartan king Tyndareus. Reunited him with Helen. [ 50 ] by Frederick Leighton Troy '' with `` ''... Had been appointed by Zeus to judge the most beautiful woman of Greece, and.... Astyoche was a son of Menelaus, Agamemnon ’ s character is more complex than seems. 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